A Guide to Coffee Shop Classics: What Exactly Are They Brewing Up?

Walking into a coffee shop can feel like stepping into a new language. You have to decipher the difference between espresso, macchiato, flat white, cappuccino, and…the list goes on. Whether you’re a casual coffee drinker or an aspiring connoisseur, understanding what each drink actually is can help you order confidently and maybe even discover a new favorite.

Espresso: The Foundation of It All

Espresso is the heart of most coffee drinks. It’s a concentrated shot of coffee made by forcing hot water through finely ground beans under high pressure. The result is a small, bold, and rich shot with a layer of golden crema on top. You can enjoy it straight or as the base for almost every other drink on this list.

Americano: Simple and Smooth

An Americano is made by adding hot water to espresso. It’s similar in strength to brewed coffee but has a slightly different flavor that is richer and less bitter. If you like a mellow cup that still carries espresso’s depth, this one’s for you.

Latte: Creamy and Comforting

The latte is one of the most popular choices. It’s made with one or two shots of espresso topped with steamed milk and a thin layer of foam. The result is silky, mild, customizable, and perfect for flavor syrups, from vanilla to caramel to hazelnut.

Cappuccino: Balanced and Foamy

A cappuccino has equal parts espresso, steamed milk, and foam. The thicker foam layer gives it a lighter texture and a slightly stronger coffee flavor compared to a latte. If you like a balance between bold and smooth, this is a great pick.

Flat White: Velvety and Refined

Originating from Australia and New Zealand, a flat white is similar to a latte but uses less milk and microfoam leaning toward steamed milk with fine, velvety bubbles. This gives it a stronger espresso flavor with a silky texture.

Macchiato: A Little Boldness

Traditionally, a macchiato is an espresso “stained” with just a dollop of foam or milk. It’s stronger than a cappuccino and great for those who enjoy espresso but want a touch of creaminess.

Mocha: Chocolate Meets Coffee

For those who like a bit of indulgence, a mocha combines espresso, steamed milk, and chocolate syrup or cocoa powder, often topped with whipped cream. It’s rich, sweet, and a favorite for dessert-like coffee moments.

Cortado: Espresso with an Edge

A cortado is a balanced mix of espresso and warm milk, typically in equal parts. It cuts the espresso’s acidity without adding too much sweetness which can be a great middle ground for those who like coffee’s bite but not its bitterness.

Cold Brew & Iced Coffee: Cool and Refreshing

Though often confused, cold brew and iced coffee are different. Cold brew is steeped in cold water for hours, producing a smooth, low-acid drink. Iced coffee, on the other hand, is brewed hot and then cooled, keeping a slightly sharper taste.

Final Sip

Whatever you choose, it’s sure to be brew-tiful!